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1. Local Name: Nangka (Artocarpus heteropyllus)
2. Recommended varieties:
| Clone |
Characteristic |
| J29 |
Fairly large, oval fruit (10 kg) with greenish yellow skin. Pulp is large, thick, orangy, fine, firm and sweet. Less latex. |
| J31 |
Small to medium sized, elongated fruit (6 kg). Greenish yellow skin. Pulp is round with small seeds. Pulp is deep yellow, firm, fine, sweet and strongly aromatic. |
| Mastura |
Average fruit size of 15 - 25 kg. Pulp is golden yellow with a pleasant after-taste. |
3. Soil Requirement:
- It is a hardy tree, but do best on deep, loamy soil.
4. Spacing: 9m x 9m (123 trees/ha)
5. Fertiliser application:
|
Year
|
Time of application
|
Type of fertiliser
|
Amount / Stand / Year
(kg)
|
Rate/ Application
(kg)
|
|
0
|
At Planting |
Rock Phosphate
Dolomite
Organic manure |
|
|
|
1
|
Every 3 months
|
15:15:15
|
|
|
|
2
|
Every 3 months
|
15:15:15
|
|
|
|
3
|
Every 4 months |
15:15:15 |
1.50
|
0.50
|
|
4
|
Every 4 months |
12:12:17:2+TE
|
2.00
|
0.67
|
|
5
|
Every 4 months |
12:12:17:2+TE |
3.00
|
1.00
|
|
6
|
Every 4 months |
12:12:17:2+TE |
4.00
|
1.33
|
|
7
|
Every 4 months |
12:12:17:2+TE |
5.00
|
1.67
|
|
8 onwards
|
Every 4 months |
12:12:17:2+TE |
6.00
|
2.00
|
| |
Pruning : Allow one central leader (trunk) to develop and space branches evently.
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6. Vegetative period: 3 - 4 years .
7. Economic Life: 5 - 10 years will maximum yield at 5 - 7 years.
8. Yield:
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4 - 12 t/ha/year at third to fifth year, increasing to 20 - 30 from the sixth year. |
9. Pests And Diseases of Nangka:
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Pest/Disease
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Symptom
|
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Control
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Pests:
1. Fruit borer
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Larva bores and feeds in the fruits and seeds causing it to rot. Frass seen on the outside.
|
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1. Bagging of fruits.
2. Collect and destro affected fruits.
3. No registered chemical for control.
|
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2. Jackfruit Wilt / Dieback
- caused by the bacterium, Erwina carotovora .
|
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Dieback of branches occurs. This is usually the first obvious symptom that is observed. White latex can be seen oozing out of the dark stains on the branches.When the infected bark is removed, a brown patch can be observed underneath. When a branch is infected the leaves turn yellow to brown, wilt and drop. As the disease spreads between branches, the whole tree eventually wilts and dies. Fruits from infected trees are smaller and they ripen prematurely.
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Since this is a bacterial disease, there is no chemical cure. Plant tolerant cultivars, if available. Observe good management practices, by sterilising pruning implements after each pruning. Look out for any insects that maybe helping to spread the disease.
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Diseases:
1. Pink Disease
-caused by fungus, Erythricium salmonicolor.
- serious in high-density planted areas or under shade during high rainfall.
|
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Silky-white mycelial threads on the bark of branches and trunk. Under wet conditions, they turn slightly pink in colour and rough pink encrustations are formed. The bark later cracks and the branches dry up and wilt. |
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Avoid close planting or intense shading. Prune off infected parts of the plant, and practice good field hygiene by removing all plant debris. Monitor the disease in the field closely for recurrence of the disease. At the moment, there is no fungicide registered with the Malaysian Pesticide Board for jackfruit. |
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