Mango

1. Local Name: Mangga

2. Recommended varieties:

Clone	Characteristic
Ma TS 17	Medium to large fruit (500 - 800 g) with light yellow skin when ripe. Flesh is yellow with medium texture and good aroma. Good fruit set and heavy yielder.
Ma TS 38	Medium sized (400 - 500 g) fruit with pale green skin that ripens to yellow. Flesh is orangy yellow, sweet and fairly fine textured. Good fruit set and heavy yielder.
Ma 128 Harumanis	Medium sized fruit (400 - 500 g) with green skin. The thick yellowish orange flesh is fine textured, very sweet and has good aroma.
Chok anan	This is a dwarf mango which can be used for high density planting. It is fairly free flowering in habit. The fruit is medium sized, very sweet with paper thin seed.

3. Soil Requirement:

Mango is a hardy plant, capable of thriving on a wide range of soils. Silty loam to clay loam is most suitable.
Good production of flowers and fruits is only possible in regions with a distinct dry weather condition.
Northern parts of Sarawak are more suited for this fruit.

4. Spacing: 9m x 9m (123 trees/ha)

5. Fertiliser application:

Year	Time of application	Type of fertiliser	Amount / Stand / Year (kg)	Rate/ Application (kg)
0	Planting hole	Rock Phosphate Dolomite Organic manure	0.20 0.10 5.00	0.20 0.10 5.00
1	Every 3 months	15:15:15	0.50	0.13
2	Every 3 months	15:15:15	1.00	0.25
3	Every 3 months	15:15:15	1.50	0.38
4	Once every 6 months	12:12:17:2 + TE	2.00	1.00
5	Once every 6 months	12:12:17:2 + TE	2.50	1.25
6	Once every 6 months	12:12:17:2 + TE	3.00	1.50
7	Once every 6 months	12:12:17:2 + TE	4.00	2.00
8 and above	Once every 6 months	12:12:17:2 + TE	5.00	2.50

Pruning : Prune to achieve an open center shape by allowing 3 to 4 main branches to develop starting one meter above the ground.

6. Vegetative period: 3 - 6 years .

7. Economic Life: 20 - 25 years.

8. Yield:

Yields : Mango yields can be inconsistent due to weather conditions and anthracnose disease outbreaks. Trees over five years can yield over 100 fruits and increasing with age to several hundred fruits per season.

9. Pests And Diseases of Mango:

Pests/Diseases	Symtom	Control
Pests: 1. Mango stone weevil	The grub tunnels and feed in the fruit, causing it to rot inside.	1. Bagging of immature fruits. 2. No registered chemical for control.
2. Fruit fly	Larva feeds in the fruit causing it to rot.	1. Bagging of immature fruits. 2. Spray with dimethoate or cypermethrin or fenthion.
3. Branch borers	Grub tunnels in the branches, resulting in dieback. Frass seen on the outside.	1. Remove and destroy affected branches. 2. Plug the entrance holes with sticks or mud to suffocate the grubs.
Diseases: 1. Anthracnose - caused by fungus, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. - very common on Mango especially during wet season.	Symptoms on the inflorescence are the presence of small black spots on the flower buds, flowers and flower stalks. These spots enlarge and coalesce and eventually the flowers turn black, wilt and drop. Leaf sypmtom start with tiny brown spots on the surface. These spots may have chlorotic haloes and may enlarge and coalesce to form patches of different sizes. Sometimes, the centre of the spot might dry up and drop, thereby producing a shot-hole appearance on the leaf. Emerging new leaves are susceptible to the disease during the wet season. Fruit symptoms start off with tiny dark brown to black spots, which enlarge and coalesce to form dark patches. Fruit abortion can occur if infection is serious during the early stage of fruit development. The black lesions can sometimes be seen as streaks radiating downwards from the fruit stalk to the tip of the fruit. This can result in a black patch at the tip of the fruit. As the fruit matures, the superficial lesions start to penetrate deeper into the fruit.	Practice good field hygiene, by removing plant debris. Spray with carbendazim or mancozeb, even prior to flowering. This is to reduce the inoculum on the leaves and branches. To prevent post-Harvest disease development, apply hot water treatment.